🇮🇳 SUPREME LAW OF INDIA • ENFORCEABLE SINCE 26 JAN 1950
The Constitution of India: Sovereign Archive
Explore all 395+ articles across all 25 parts and 12 schedules of the world’s longest written constitution. Complete with plain-language explanations, Constituent Assembly debates, and landmark Supreme Court rulings.
395+
Articles
25
Thematic Parts
12
Schedules
106
Amendments
📜 Preamble
“WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC...”
“WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: JUSTICE, social, economic and political; LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; EQUALITY of status and of opportunity; and to promote among them all FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.”
Article 244 ('Administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribal Areas') in Part X (The Scheduled and Tribal Areas) applies the special protective governance frameworks of the Fifth Schedule (Scheduled Areas in 10 States) and the Sixth Schedule (Autonomous District and Regional Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram) to preserve tribal land ownership, forests, and customary justice.
Article 244A ('Formation of an autonomous State comprising certain tribal areas in Assam and creation of local Legislature or Council of Ministers or both therefor') in Part X (The Scheduled and Tribal Areas) applies the special protective governance frameworks of the Fifth Schedule (Scheduled Areas in 10 States) and the Sixth Schedule (Autonomous District and Regional Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, and Mizoram) to preserve tribal land ownership, forests, and customary justice.
Under Section 52(1)(q) of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, the Constitution of India, Bare Acts of Parliament, Gazette Notifications, and Judicial Judgments of the Supreme Court and High Courts are in the Public Domain. Text is reproduced from the official Legislative Department, Ministry of Law & Justice, Government of India (India Code) archives.
Architectural Blueprint
Architectural Blueprint: 5 Pillars of the Indian Constitution
Explore how the world’s longest written constitution is systematically engineered across 5 core pillars of sovereign governance and citizen liberties.
Pillar I • Republic & Identity
Republic, Territory & Citizenship
Defines the sovereign territory of Bharat and rules of who belongs as a citizen.
