Article 301 ('Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: Subject to the other provisions of this Part, trade, commerce and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free.
Article 302 ('Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: Parliament may by law impose such restrictions on the freedom of trade, commerce or intercourse between one State and another or within any part of the territory of India as may be required in the public interest.
Article 303 ('Restrictions on the legislative powers of the Union and of the States with regard to trade and commerce') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: (1) Notwithstanding anything in article 302, neither Parliament nor the Legislature of a State shall have power to make any law giving, or authorising the giving of, any preference to one State over another, or making, or authorising the...
Article 304 ('Restrictions on trade, commerce and intercourse among States') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: Notwithstanding anything in article 301 or article 303, the Legislature of a State may by law — (a) impose on goods imported from other States 1 [or the Union territories] any tax to which similar goods manufactured or produced in that...
Article 305 ('Saving of existing laws and laws providing for State monopolies') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: Nothing in articles 301 and 303 shall affect the provisions of any existing law except in so far as the President may by order otherwise direct; and nothing in article 301 shall affect the operation of any law made before the commencement...
Article 307 ('Appointment of authority for carrying out the purposes of articles 301 to 304') in Part XIII (Articles 301–307) ensures the economic unity of India. While Article 301 declares that trade, commerce, and intercourse throughout the territory of India shall be free, Articles 302–307 regulate when Parliament or a State Legislature may impose non-discriminatory restrictions in the public interest. Specifically: Parliament may by law appoint such authority as it considers appropriate for carrying out the purposes of articles 301, 302, 303 and 304, and confer on the authority so appointed such powers and such duties as it thinks necessary.
Public Domain & Statutory Authenticity Notice
Under Section 52(1)(q) of the Indian Copyright Act, 1957, the Constitution of India, Bare Acts of Parliament, Gazette Notifications, and Judicial Judgments of the Supreme Court and High Courts are in the Public Domain. Text is reproduced from the official Legislative Department, Ministry of Law & Justice, Government of India (India Code) archives.
