Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof
Quick Summary (TL;DR)
Article 194 (Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof): Regulates State Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabha) and Legislative Councils under Part VI.
In Simple Citizen Words
Article 194 ('Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof') in Part VI, Chapter III governs the State Legislature (Vidhan Sabha and, where applicable, Vidhan Parishad). It sets the constitutional rules for composition of Assemblies, MLA qualifications/disqualifications, sessions, Speaker/Deputy Speaker duties, passage of State Bills and Budgets, assent to Bills (Arts 200–201), and legislative privileges. Specifically: (1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the rules and standing orders regulating the procedure of the Legislature, there shall be freedom of speech in the Legislature of every State. (2) No member of the Legislature of...
Key Constitutional Provisions
Constitutional Mandate (Art. 194): Directly codifies the legal rule for 'Powers, privileges, etc, of the Houses of Legislatures and of the members and committees thereof' under Part VI
Structured across 7 clause(s) with clear procedural conditions
Any administrative or legislative action violating Article 194 can be challenged before the High Court (Art. 226) or Supreme Court
Exceptions & Reasonable Restrictions
State Legislatures must legislate within the State and Concurrent Lists (Seventh Schedule) and cannot violate Fundamental Rights or constitutional procedures.
Why This Matters in Daily Life
Guarantees democratic law-making and budget scrutiny at the state level through your elected MLAs.
Want deeper legal & historical context? Explore the official Bare Act or Supreme Court Precedents & CAD Debates: