Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts
Quick Summary (TL;DR)
Article 229 (Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts): Governs State High Courts, judicial independence, and writ/supervisory jurisdiction under Part VI.
In Simple Citizen Words
Article 229 ('Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts') in Part VI, Chapter V governs the High Courts in the States. It regulates the constitution of High Courts, appointment and tenure security of High Court Judges, Court of Record powers (Art 215), writ jurisdiction to enforce Fundamental and legal rights (Art 226), or supervisory control over all district/subordinate courts within the State (Art 227). Specifically: (1) Appointments of officers and servants of a High Court shall be made by the Chief Justice of the Court or such other Judge or officer of the Court as he may direct: Provided that the Governor of the State may by rule require that...
Key Constitutional Provisions
Constitutional Mandate (Art. 229): Directly codifies the legal rule for 'Officers and servants and the expenses of High Courts' under Part VI
Structured across 3 clause(s) with explicit constitutional provisos/safeguards
Backed by independent judicial oversight of the High Courts to protect constitutional legality
Exceptions & Reasonable Restrictions
High Court judicial independence is part of the inviolable Basic Structure of the Constitution (L. Chandra Kumar v. Union of India, 1997).
Why This Matters in Daily Life
Provides every citizen with an independent constitutional court within their own State to challenge unlawful police or administrative actions.
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